Desafios e atuação da Vigilância Sanitária no enfrentamento da Covid-19 no Estado do Paraná / Challenges and actions of the Health Surveillance in coping with Covid-19 in the State of Paraná

A pandemia da Covid-19 apresentou uma necessidade tempestiva de intensificação das medidas de prevenção e controle sanitário, o que pautou a Vigilância Sanitária e a trouxe como importante aliada às demais áreas para este enfrentamento. Este estudo apresenta um relato de experiência da atuação da Vigilância Sanitária do Paraná e dos desafios encontrados frente a Covid-19, mediante uma análise descritiva das ações desenvolvidas e dos dados registrados no sistema SIEVISA. Os resultados apontam uma atuação diversificada e interdisciplinar, por meio de elaboração de Notas Orientativas e Resoluções, e da execução de ações educativas e de fiscalização. No SIEVISA, foram registradas 7.535 ações relacionadas à Covid-19, executadas de forma descentralizada. Com isso constatou-se a necessidade de transpor obstáculos e de fomentar o uso do sistema SIEVISA. Por fim, a pandemia e a necessidade de enfrentá-la de forma coesa, concreta e coerente fortaleceram a importância do trabalho integrado e articulado em equipe. (AU)

The Covid-19 pandemic needs a timely and effective intensification for preventive and health control measures, so the Health Surveillance came into attention and has become an important ally articulated with other areas for this confronting. This study aims to present an experience report of the Paraná Health Surveillance performance and challenges encountered in the face of Covid-19, through a descriptive analysis of the actions developed and the data recorded in the SIEVISA system. The results showed a diverse and interdisciplinary work by the elaboration of Guidance Notes and Resolutions, the realization of guidelines and training, also the execution of educational and inspection actions. In SIEVISA, 7,535 actions related to Covid-19 were registered, carried out in a decentralized manner. For this, there was a need both to overcome problems, as well as to encourage the use of the SIEVISA system. Finally, the pandemic and the need to face it the cohesive, concrete and coherent way strengthened the importance of integrated and articulated teamwork. (AU)

Occurrence and risk assessment of population exposed to deoxynivalenol in foods derived from wheat flour in Brazil.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most important of the trichothecenes in terms of amounts and occurrence in wheat. This compound was shown to be associated with a glomerulonephropathy involving an increase of immunoglobulin A in humans. This study assessed the occurrence of DON in wheat flour and the exposure of Brazilian teenagers, adults and elderly to this mycotoxin due to intake of wheat flour-based products. DON extraction in wheat flour was carried out by solid phase extraction and the quantification was performed by ultra-high proficiency liquid chromatography with diode-array detection. A total of 77.9% of all samples were positive for DON, with concentrations ranging from 73.50 to 2794.63 µg kg-1. The intake was calculated for the average and 90th percentile of the contamination levels of DON in foods based-wheat for teenagers, adults and elderly in Brazil, and compared with the provisional maximum tolerable daily intakes (PMTDI). Females of all age groups were exposed to DON at higher levels when compared to males in regard of consumption of breads and pastas. Teenagers were the main consumers of foods derived from wheat flour, with maximum probable daily intakes of 1.28 and 1.20 µg kg-1 b.w. day-1 for females and males, respectively. This population is at an increased risk of exposure to DON due to consumption of wheat flour-based foods in Brazil.